Loreto is Peru's northernmost region. Covering almost one-third of Peru's territory, Loreto is the nation's largest region and also one of the most sparsely populated ones, due to its remote location in the Amazon Rainforest. Its capital is the city of Iquitos.
Loreto's large territory comprises parts of the High and Low Jungle, all of its surface is covered with thick vegetation.
This territory has wide river flood beds, which are covered with rainwater and usually are swamped in summer. In these flood areas there are elevated sectors called restingas, which always stand out on the Amazonian plain, even in times of the greatest swellings. There are numerous lagoons known as cochas and tipishcas, surrounded by marshy areas with abundant grass vegetation.
Numerous rivers cross Loreto's territory, all of which are part of the Hydrographical Amazonian System. Most of them are navigable. The main river crossing the region is the Amazon, one of the world's most important rivers. Its numerous curves are always changing and sometimes make for a difficult journey. The width between banks of the Amazon sometimes measures a staggering 4 km. The Yavari River runs from Peru to Brazil, the Putumayo River serves as a border with Colombia, and the Ucayali and Marañón rivers penetrate Loreto after going through the Pongo de Manseriche |
